Migrate Fly.io to Coolify or private infrastructure
Timo Wevelsiep•Updated: 30.08.2026Editorial note: Versions, commands and prices may change. Please verify critical steps independently before production use. This guide does not replace individual consulting.
Do you want to leave Fly.io and consolidate application and operations? WZ-IT provides PaaS migration from EUR 1,990 excluding VAT to Coolify, Docker, Kubernetes or another suitable target architecture.
A migration from Fly.io to Coolify or private infrastructure can involve much more than moving a container. Fly.io combines Machines, regions, Anycast, private networking, local volumes, secrets and process groups. Before selecting the target, determine which distribution is a product requirement and which is only an artefact of the current platform.
Capture Fly.io as a running topology
The inventory covers:
- apps, organisations and active regions
- Machines, images and process groups
- configuration in
fly.tomland current Machine settings - services, ports, protocols and health checks
- autostart, autostop, scaling and resources
- secrets and non-secret variables
- volumes, mounts and Machine attachment
- private connections across the Fly network
- public IPs, Anycast, domains and certificates
- databases, tunnels and external services
fly.toml is a valuable source but may not represent every item of current runtime state. Compare declared configuration, running Machines and external dependencies.
Does global distribution need to remain?
Multiple regions are not a goal by themselves. Before consolidation answer:
- Where are the actual users located?
- Which latency is material to the product?
- Is the application stateless or region-bound?
- How is data kept consistent across regions?
- Does distribution provide availability or proximity?
- Which recovery objectives apply after migration?
A single regional environment can cost less and be easier to operate, but it is not equivalent to an actively distributed application. Decide and test that change deliberately.
Map Machines and process groups
| Fly.io layer | Possible target mapping |
|---|---|
| Machine | container or workload with a defined resource profile |
| Process group | separate web, worker or job services |
| Service/port | reverse proxy, load balancer or internal endpoint |
| Health check | readiness and liveness checks on the target |
| Autostop/autostart | continuous operations or deliberate scale-to-zero |
| Secret | secret management or protected platform variable |
| Region | location, availability zone or cluster segment |
Coolify suits bounded Git- or image-based applications. Kubernetes or a separated architecture can be more appropriate for multiple nodes, dynamic orchestration or complex distribution.
Private networking and public endpoints
Internal Fly.io names and 6PN connections are not directly portable. Define target service names, network segments, firewall rules and outbound connections explicitly. Decide which services require public exposure and which communicate only internally.
Include WebSockets, streaming, fixed outbound IPs, OAuth callbacks, webhooks and partner allow-lists in the test plan. A successful basic HTTP request is not a complete network acceptance test.
Fly Volumes and databases
Fly Volumes provide local persistence in a specific region. They are not automatically replicated shared storage. Determine:
- Which Machine writes to each volume?
- Are there replicas or one authoritative copy?
- How can a consistent export be produced?
- Does the target need local, shared or object storage?
- How will backup and restore be validated?
Use native database migration methods. Replication or a final delta sync may be required for short outage windows.
Rehearsal and traffic switch
Test the target with realistic data and load assumptions. Pay particular attention to regional behaviour, background processes, network paths, restart, storage and failover. The cutover defines the write boundary, data finalisation, DNS or traffic switch, smoke tests and rollback.
If it is unclear whether consolidation, Coolify or a distributed target fits, the PaaS Exit Review provides a portability and target assessment first.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Answers to the most important questions
Coolify can support many Git and container deployments. Global Fly.io regions, Anycast, Machine control, local volumes and specialist private networking may require a separate target architecture or deliberate consolidation.
fly.toml is an important inventory source for builds, processes, services, checks, mounts and other settings. It is translated into Docker, Coolify or Kubernetes configuration rather than imported unchanged.
Fly Volumes are local persistence attached to a region and Machine. Export data consistently and move it to the selected target storage. Replication or shared storage need separate target design.
PaaS migration starts at EUR 1,990 excluding VAT. Machines, regions, data, volumes, networking, architecture changes and cutover requirements determine the specific proposal.
